Plattenkalks of the Table Jura

The Table Jura are an extension of the Jura Mountains, which give the Jurassic period its name, running across southern Germany. These include fine limestones or plattenkalks preserving detailed fossils from what is called the ancient Solnhofen archipelago, as well as related sites like Nusplingen and Wattendorf.

These layers are part of the Upper Weißjura Group, divided into a series of geological formations over different regions. Ammonite index fossils have also been found providing a chronology for many of the plattenkalks, and I figured it would be helpful to try charting how these fit together.

Age Ammonites Swabian Jura Franconian Jura
Zone Subzone Horizon Southwest Southeast Middle & North
Early Tithonian Palmatus palmatus
scoparius
Ciliata callodiscus Neuberg Fm.
ciliata
penicillatum
Frankenalb Fm.
Vimineus vimineus Rennertshofen Fm.
Mucronatum levicostatum
franconicum Usseltal Fm.
Hybonotum Moernsheimensis moernsheimensis Mörnsheim Fm.
Daiting, Mühlheim
Rueppelianus rueppelianus Altmühltal Fm.
Langenaltheim, Solnhofen
laisackerensis Oberjura-Massenkalk Fm.
Riedense riedlingensis Hangende Bankkalke Fm. Painten Fm. Tangrintel Fm. Frankenalb Fm.
eigeltingense β Eichstätt (Schernfeld, Wintershof, Blumenberg) Ettling
eigeltingense ɑ
Pfalzpaint Zandt, Schamhaupten, Painten
Late Kimmeridgian Beckeri Ulmense rebouletianum Zementmergel Fm. Mergelstetten Fm.
Schamhaupten, Painten
hoelderi Nusplingen
zio-wepferi β
zio-wepferi ɑ Liegende Bankkalke Fm. Geisental Fm.
Setatum siliceus
uracensis
ornatum
supinum
minutum Obere Felsenkalke Fm.
Subeumela fischeri
subsidens
kiderleni Brunn
pedinopleura
Pseudomutabilis Pseudomutabilis semicostatum γ Torleite Fm. Torl. Fm.
semicostatum β
semicostatum ɑ
pseudomutabilis-eudoxus β Untere Felsenkalke Fm. Wattendorf
pseudomutabilis-eudoxus ɑ
Schilleri
Acanthicum Treuchtlingen Fm. (Lower Weißjura Group) Tr. Fm.

The dotted lines represent cases where I am not sure what ammonite horizon the boundary falls in, so it might actually be higher or lower. The middle and north Franconian Jura have been shown together for simplicity but are separated by another barrier of the Frankenalb and Pottenstein Fms.

There was also an older system where the Obere Felsenkalke Fm. and most of the Torleite Fm. were called Malm Epsilon, the Liegende Bankkalke and Geisental Fms. were called Malm Zeta-1, and then successive formations above them were called Zeta-2, Zeta-3, etc. These however are mismatched between different regions.

Note the quarries at Painten and Schamhaupten have both Kimmeridgian and Tithonian layers, so for instance the dinosaurs Sciurumimus and Juravenator are dated to the former but the Schamhaupten Archaeopteryx to the latter. (Other Archaeopteryx come from the Altmühltal Fm. and Daiting.)

The most important area not shown here is Kelheim in the Southeast Franconian Jura. A few of the fossils recorded there are from a quarry at Goldberg, dated to the riedlingensis horizon, but most are actually from nearby Kapfelberg and their age is still uncertain.

References:

  1. Schweigert & Franz (2004). Die Mergelstetten-Formation, eine neue Gesteinseinheit im Oberjura der östlichen bis mittleren Schwäbischen Alb.
  2. Schmid, Leinfelder, Schweigert (2005). Stratigraphy and Palaeoenvironments of the Upper Jurassic of Southern Germany – A Review. [N.B. the Rögling and Solnhofen Fms. have been reduced to portions of the Geisental and Altmühltal Fms., respectively.]
  3. Niebuhr & Pürner (2014). Plattenkalk und Frankendolomit – Lithostratigraphie der Weißjura-Gruppe der Frankenalb (außeralpiner Oberjura, Bayern).
  4. Scherzinger & Schweigert (2016). The ammonite genera Gravesia Salfeld and Pseudogravesia Hantzpergue in the Tithonian of S Germany and their correlation value with Western Europe. [N.B. limits the top of the Hangende Bankkalke Fm.]
  5. Rauhut, Foth, Tischlinger (2018). The oldest Archaeopteryx (Theropoda: Avialiae): a new specimen from the Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary of Schamhaupten, Bavaria.
  6. Tischlinger & Schweigert (2020). Neuer Ammonitenfund ermöglicht Alterseinstufung der Fossillagerstätte Ettling / New ammonite record allows dating of the Ettling Fossillagerstätte.
  7. Digitale Geologische Karte 1:25.000 im UmweltAtlas Bayern.